![]() The association between ADHD and bipolar disorder is a serious public health issue. Strong associations between early onset of bipolar disorder and rates of lifetime ADHD have been suggested, with patients who have a history of ADHD also reporting a more chronic and disabling course of bipolar disorder. 7-9Įarlier studies with children and adolescents have documented a strong association between ADHD and bipolar disorder, with a recent meta-analysis supporting the idea that the age at onset, the response to treatment, and the outcome of bipolar disorder are all influenced by the co-occurrence of ADHD. 6 Among the adult population, previous research has reported that roughly 9% to 21% of adults are diagnosed as having both ADHD and bipolar disorder, depending on the study methodology and diagnosis process involved. 5 There is a pressing need to further elucidate the exact nature of the clinical overlaps in these diagnosis categories and their implication for clinical outcomes. Results of prospective, longitudinal studies of high-risk youth have shown that, early in the development and clinical course of bipolar disorder, symptoms appear to be nonspecific and often overlap with those of ADHD. ![]() 2-4 The concomitance of ADHD with bipolar disorder deserves special attention, as both clinical entities affect a large proportion of the population and have a significant impact on the patients’ functionality. Although it has been independently validated, 1 adult ADHD has been found to be comorbid with a considerable number of other disorders. Submitted: Novemaccepted February 18, 2013.Ĭorresponding author: Alina Marin, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, 166 Brock St, Room J5-008, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 5G2, Canada ( diagnostic category of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults has recently received increased consideration. © Copyright 2013 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc. 025) than those without ADHD.Ĭonclusions: In a psychiatric inpatient sample, patients with bipolar disorder and ADHD were not more severely ill in the acute phase and did not have a poorer outcome at 8 weeks. At 8 weeks, patients with ADHD had lower general scores for depression ( P =. At baseline, no differences were found between the patients with ADHD and those without ADHD with regard to gender, age, length of hospitalization, and severity of clinical and functional deterioration. Results: Thirteen (26%) of the enrolled patients rated positive for ADHD on both the MINI and the ADHD Rating Scale. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the ADHD Rating Scale were used to screen the subjects for ADHD and bipolar disorder, while the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Function were used to assess clinical severity at baseline and at 8 weeks. Method: Fifty subjects with bipolar disorder ( DSM-IV-TR criteria) aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled in the study in Kingston, Ontario, from October 2008 to April 2010, following their admission to an adult inpatient psychiatric unit during an acute relapse. Objective: The aim of this prospective, observational study was to detect the rate of comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample of inpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, and to identify differences between patients with bipolar disorder with concomitant ADHD and those without concomitant ADHD.
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